Abstract: Objective　To determine the organ coefficients,blood physiological and biochemical indicators in cotton rats aged 4 to 10 weeks, and to analyze the effects of sex and age on these indicators.Methods Cotton rats aged 4 to 10 weeks were used for weighing, blood collection, and dissection. The organ coefficients, twenty-three blood physiological indicators, and 21 serum biochemical indicators were measured. Statistical method was used to analyze the sex differences of each indicator at each age. Results　In cotton rats, there were no significant differences in the organ coefficients of the liver and lungs between males and females aged 4-10 weeks. However, females showed higher organ coefficients in the stomach at 4-8 weeks (P<0.01), kidneys at 4-6 weeks and 8 weeks (P<0.05), and brain at 5-6 weeks and 8-10 weeks (P<0.01) compared to males. Females exhibited higher Neu% at 6-10 weeks (P<0.05), while males had higher Lym% at 6-8 weeks and 10 weeks (P<0.05). At 9 weeks, males showed significantly higher RBC, HGB, and HCT than females (P<0.01), whereas females had significantly higher MCV than males (P<0.05). No statistically significant differences were observed in ALT, AST, and TP between males and females aged 4-10 weeks. However, males had significantly higher ALB at 7 and 9 weeks (P<0.05), lower TBil at 6-7 weeks (P<0.05), and higher ALP at 4 weeks, 6-8 weeks, and 10 weeks (P<0.05) compared to females. Females displayed significantly higher LIP at 5-6 weeks (P<0.01) and α-AMY at 6-10 weeks (P<0.05) than males. Additionally, males had higher TG and TC levels than females at 4-8 weeks and 10 weeks (P<0.05), as well as higher HDL at 5-9 weeks (P<0.05).Conclusion　Sex significantly influences the growth, organ development, and various physiological indicators of cotton rats, especially in the immune system, red blood cell system, liver function, pancreatic function, and lipid metabolism.

Key words: cotton rat, organ coefficients, physiological and biochemical indicators, biological characteristics

摘要： 目的　测定4~10周龄棉鼠的脏器系数和血液生理生化指标,分析性别和周龄对上述指标的影响。方法　选 用4~10周龄棉鼠称重、采血、解剖,测定脏器系数、23项血液生理指标和21项血清生化指标。使用统计学方法分 析各指标在各周龄的性别差异。结果　在棉鼠上,4~10周龄雌鼠和雄鼠之间肝和肺的脏器系数并无明显差异, 雌鼠4~8周龄胃(P<0.01)、4~6周龄和8周龄肾(P<0.05)及5~6周龄和8~10周龄脑(P<0.01)的脏器系数 均高于雄鼠。雌鼠在6~10周龄中性粒细胞比例(Neu%)较高(P<0.05),而雄鼠在6~8周龄和10周龄时淋巴 细胞百分比(Lym%)较高(P<0.05)。9周龄时,雄鼠红细胞(RBC)、血红蛋白浓度(HGB)和红细胞比容(HCT) 显著高于雌鼠(P<0.01),而雌鼠平均红细胞体积(MCV)明显高于雄鼠(P<0.05)。4~10周龄雌鼠和雄鼠间丙 氨酸转氨酶(ALT)、天冬氨酸转氨酶(AST)和血清总蛋白(TP)无统计学差异。7周龄和9周龄雄鼠血清白蛋白 (ALB)显著高于雌鼠(P<0.05),6~7周龄雄鼠总胆红素(TBil)显著低于雌鼠(P<0.05),4周龄、6~8周龄和10 周龄雄鼠碱性磷酸酶(ALP)显著高于雌鼠(P<0.05)。雌鼠5~6周龄脂肪酶(LIP)(P<0.01)和6~10周龄α-淀 粉酶(α-AMY)(P<0.05)显著高于雄鼠。4~8周龄和10周龄雄鼠的血清甘油三酯(TG)和总胆固醇(TC)高于 雌鼠(P<0.05),5~9周龄雄鼠的高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL)高于雌鼠(P<0.05)。结论　性别显著影响棉鼠的 生长发育、器官发育和多种生理指标,尤其在免疫系统、红细胞系统、肝功能、胰腺功能和脂代谢方面表现出明显 的性别差异。

关键词: 棉鼠, 脏器系数, 生理生化指标, 生物学特性